Salah satu tenaga kesehatan yang berperan penting dalam melayani masyarakat adalah bidan. Menurut undang-undang yang berlaku di Indonesia, bidan diartikan sebagai seorang perempuan yang telah lulus dari pendidikan kebidanan, yang telah teregistrasi sesuai ketentuan peraturan perundangan-undangan.
Seseorang bisa menjadi bidan dan memberikan pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat jika telah menempuh pendidikan minimal Diploma 3 (D3) Kebidanan. Bagi bidan yang hendak bekerja mandiri maupun bekerja di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan harus memiliki Surat Izin Kerja Bidan (SKIB). Selain itu, mereka yang hendak menyelenggarakan praktik mandiri wajib memiliki Surat Izin Praktik Bidan (SIPB).
Mengenal Tugas Bidan
Secara umum, tugas seorang bidan yaitu sebagai tenaga kesehatan profesional yang membantu wanita mulai dari sejak masa kehamilan hingga melahirkan. Jika dijabarkan secara lebih terperinci, seperti inilah tugas mereka:
- Melakukan pemeriksaan selama masa kehamilan, termasuk memantau kesehatan fisik dan psikis ibu hamil.
- Menyediakan layanan konsultasi tentang perencanaan keluarga dan perawatan sebelum kehamilan.
- Memberi saran terkait konsumsi makanan, kegiatan olahraga, obat-obatan, dan kesehatan secara umum kepada ibu hamil.
- Membantu ibu hamil dalam merencanakan kelahiran mereka.
- Memberikan pendampingan untuk menguatkan emosional dan mendukung proses persalinan kepada ibu hamil.
- Memberikan pengetahuan yang cukup kepada para ibu mengenai kehamilan, kelahiran, dan perawatan bayi.
- Membimbing proses kelahiran
- Membuat rujukan ke dokter bila ibu hamil memerlukannya.
Di Indonesia, pekerjaan mulia para bidan diatur dalam undang-undang. Secara jelas, kewenangan para bidan adalah untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang meliputi pelayanan kesehatan untuk para ibu, anak-anak dan pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi perempuan dan keluarga berencana.
Kepada para wanita secara umum, pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan bidan meliputi masa prahamil, masa kehamilan, masa persalinan, masa nifas, masa menyusui dan masa di antara dua kehamilan. Untuk lebih spesifik, pelayanan oleh bidan dapat berupa:
- Pelayanan antenatal pada kehamilan normal.
- Pelayanan konseling pada masa prahamil.
- Pelayanan persalinan normal.
- Pelayanan ibu nifas normal.
- Pelayanan ibu menyusui.
- Pelayanan konseling pada masa antara dua kehamilan.
Memilih Bidan yang Tepat
Saat ini, profesi bidan sudah banyak tersebar di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia. Bidan juga sudah mulai banyak dipercaya untuk membantu persalinan karena pendampingan mereka yang fokus terhadap individu ibu hamil disertai tindakan medis yang minimal.
Namun, untuk memastikan bahwa bidan yang hendak dijadikan pendamping memiliki kualitas yang baik, ada beberapa hal yang patut Anda tanyakan sebelum menjatuhkan pilihan, di antaranya:
- Pastikan mereka telah memiliki izin baik SKIB maupun SIPB, serta memiliki reputasi yang baik.
- Minta penjelasan bidan terkait ikatan yang dimilikinya, apakah dengan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan rumah sakit, klinik bersalin, atau praktik mandiri.
- Cari tahu bagaimana cara bidan mengelola rasa sakit pada pasien yang melahirkan.
- Cari tahu pendekatan apa yang digunakan bidan tersebut dalam perawatan kehamilan dan persalinan pasien.
- Mintalah info dari bidan tersebut mengenai berapa banyak pasien yang perlu menjalani episiotomi di bawah penanganannya, dan dalam keadaan bagaimana prosedur itu harus
- Minta rencana cadangan dari bidan yang hendak dijadikan pendamping jika terjadi hal darurat pada pasien.
- Tanyakanlah apakah bidan berkonsultasi dengan dokter kandungan dan kemungkinan pasien melakukan pertemuan dengan dokter tersebut.
Anda juga disarankan untuk memilih bidan yang menerima kerja sama dengan pihak penyedia asuransi kesehatan, serta pilih lokasi bidan yang mudah dijangkau dan siap sedia melayani kapan pun, terutama saat kondisi darurat terjadi.
Peran bidan sangat penting dalam menjaga kesehatan dan keselamatan ibu dan bayi. Oleh karena itu, Anda perlu memilih bidan yang kompeten untuk mendampingi Anda selama kehamilan dan membantu dalam persalinan.
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